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双语阅读：如何从被困水中的车里逃生
besky(2012/7/24 23:30:22) 点击:108684 回复:0 IP:113.* * *
besky(2012/7/24 23:30:22) 点击:108684 回复:0 IP:113.* * *
Any car accident is frightening, but an accident in which your vehicle is thrown into the water, with you trapped inside, is absolutely terrifying. Such accidents are particularly dangerous due to the risk of drowning.
任何交通事故都是很吓人的，但是如果你的汽车落入了水中，而你又被困其中，似乎这样的事故更加恐怖。由于溺死的几率很大，这样的事故都十分的危险。
However, most deaths are a result of panic, not having a plan and not understanding what is happening to the car in the water. By adopting a brace position to survive the impact, acting decisively when the car ends up in the water, and getting out fast, being trapped in a sinking vehicle is survivable, even if it's a flooded river.
然而，由于遇事时人们很容易产生惊慌情绪，没有处理计划以及对在水中车子情况的了解，这是造成死亡的最大原因。实际上，如果可以在事故中采取安全的姿势来减少压力冲击，在汽车入水时表现得机智冷静，迅速脱离汽车，从一个被淹的汽车中生还是有可能的，即使汽车落入的是湍急的河流。
1.Brace yourself for impact. As soon as you're aware that you're going off the road and into a body of water, adopt a brace position. This is done by placing both hands on the steering wheel in the "ten and two" positions. The impact your car makes could set off the airbag system in your vehicle and any other brace position could cause serious injury in such an event. Remember, an airbag inflates rapidly, within 0.04 seconds upon being triggered.Once this aspect is out of the way, prepare for the next step immediately.
让自己保持防冲击的姿势。一旦你意识到自己走到了路的尽头，误入水中，马上换了一个防冲击的安全姿势，即将两只手放在方向盘“十点和两点”的位置上。入水时车子受到的冲力会使得车中的气囊打开，其他的姿势会对你造成严重的伤害。记住，气囊会在受到冲击的0.04秒内瞬间打开，一旦你的车子开出了道路，马上要为下一步做准备。
Remain calm. Panic reduces energy, uses up precious air, and causes you to blank out. Panic can be left for the shore when you reach it.
保持镇静。恐慌会耗费能量，用尽宝贵的空气，使你窒息而死。还是把恐慌留到上岸之后吧。
2. Undo your seat belt. The seatbelt is the first thing to attend to, yet it often gets forgotten in the panic.Unbuckle the children, starting with the oldest first (who can then help the others).
解开安全带。安全带是需要关注的第一件事，但在恐慌中人们经常会被遗忘。从最大的孩子开始（这样大孩子可以帮助小孩子），为他们解开安全带。
Forget the cell phone call. Your car isn't going to wait for you to make the call and sadly, people have lost their lives trying this.Get busy getting out.
别打电话了，车子并不会给你足够的时间求救，不幸的是，大部分的人都是由于打电话而失去自救时间丧生。先做些要紧的事吧。
There is a counter-theory that suggests the seat belt should be left on. This theory suggests that if you release your seat belt, you may, due to underwater disorientation, end up moving away from the window or door opening due to the ingress of water through the opening. Having your seat belt on could also help you maintain your sense of orientation if the car flips upside-down. On the downside, having your seat belt on can also make it harder to get out quickly and to move out.
有一个相反的理论是说安全带应该一直保持系紧的状态。该理论认为如果你松开了安全带，有可能会因为在水下迷失方向，最后由于开门或窗时受到的水下压力而死亡。系紧安全带还能够帮助你在车子完全颠倒时保持自己的方向感。
3. Open the window as soon as you hit the water. Leave the door alone at this stage and concentrate on the window. A car's electrical system should work for up to three minutes in water(not that you have three minutes of course), so try the method of opening it electronically first. Many people don't think about the window as an escape option either because of panic, lack of using the window for exit normally, or because they're focused on lots of misinformation about doors and sinking.
在入水时尽快打开窗户。不要管门了，窗户是重点。汽车的电子系统可以在水下工作三分钟（当然不是说你只剩下三分钟的时间），所以要先试着通过电子控制打开它。很多人缺乏将窗户作为出口的经验以及太过专注于车门以及下沉的情况，也由于恐慌所以根本想不到要将窗户作为自己逃生的出口选择。
There are several reasons for not bothering with the door. Immediately upon impact, you have only a few seconds in which opening the door of your sinking car is possible, while most of the door is still above water level. Once the car has started to sink, it is not humanly possible to open the door again until the pressure between the inside and the outside of the car has been equalized (leveled); this means that the car cabin has to be filled with water and that's not really a state you want to be in.
最好不要开车门，原因如下：面对突然遭受的冲击，正在入水的汽车只给你提供几秒钟的时间来打开车门逃生，也就是当车门还在水面上的时候。一旦汽车开始下沉，由于汽车内外的水压相等，靠人力是根本无法打开车门的。这也就意味着车厢开始充满了水，你已经完全不会想继续呆在里面。
The end of the car that contains the engine will usually sink fastest, often leaving the car at an angle where the heaviest part of the vehicle is lower than the lightest. As such, you may be able to open some doors while the car is still floating.
由于发动机的原因，汽车尾部往往是下沉最快的，通常会使汽车达到一个角度，最重的部分比最轻的部分位置低。所以当车子还在漂浮的时候，你有可能打开车门逃生。
4. Break the window. If you aren't able to open the window, or it only opens halfway, you'll need to break it. You will need to use an object or your foot to break the window. It may feel counter-intuitive to let water into the car, but the sooner it is open, the sooner you will be able to escape directly through the broken window.
打破窗户。如果你不能打开窗户，或者窗户只打开一半，你需要打破它。你需要用一个东西或者用脚打破窗户。让水进入车子听起来似乎会起到反作用，但是一旦打开，你就能直接从破碎的窗户中逃生。
If you have no tools or heavy objects to break the window with, use your feet. If you have high heels, these might work when placed at the center of the window. Be aware that it's very hard to break a window by kicking, so find these breakpoints.
如果你没有工具或坚硬的东西来打破窗户，那就用你的脚。如果你穿着高跟鞋，对着窗户中间猛踢也许会有用。记住仅仅敲击窗户是很难打破的，试着去找突破点。
If you have a heavy object, aim for the center of the window. A rock, hammer, steering wheel lock, umbrella, screwdriver, laptop, large camera, etc., might all serve as suitable battering objects. Even the keys might work if you're strong enough.
如果你有坚硬的东西，就直接打窗户的中心。石头、锤头、方向盘锁、伞，螺丝起子、笔记本、大型照相机等等，都可以作为合适的敲打工具。如果你的力量够大，钥匙都可能帮上忙。
5. Escape through the broken window. Take a deep breath, and swim out through the broken window as soon as you've broken it. Water will be gushing into the car at this point, so expect this and use your strength to swim out and up.
从破窗户逃生。深呼吸，一旦打破窗户就立马游出来。这个时候水也会进入车里，所以要做好心理准备，竭尽全力游上来。
Look to children first. Heave them up toward the surface as best you can. If they cannot swim, see if you can give them something that floats to hold onto, with strict instructions not to let go. An adult may need to go with them immediately if there is nothing to hold onto.
先照看孩子。尽可能的把他们托举到最高的表面。如果他们不会游泳，看看你是否能给他们什么东西让他们浮在水面上，但要确保不让他们漂走。如果没有类似的东西，大人需要马上和孩子们一起逃离。
If the car is sinking quickly and you haven't gotten out yet, keep trying to get out of the window. If there is a child in the car, tell him or her to breathe normally until the water is up to their chest.
如果你的汽车下沉的很快，而你还没有逃离出来，一定要努力从窗户逃离，如果有小孩在汽车里，要告诉他/她在水到胸口前都正常呼吸。
6. Escape when the car has equalized. If it has reached the dramatic stage where the car cabin has filled with water and it has equalized, you must move quickly and effectively to ensure your survival. It takes 60 to 120 seconds (1 to 2 minutes) for a car to fill up with water usually.While there is still air in the car, take slow, deep breaths and focus on what you're doing. Unlock your door, either with the power button (if it is still working) or manually. If the doors are stuck (which they probably will be in most cases, with the pressure being massive), hopefully you've been busy breaking the window already, as advised in the previous steps.
在汽车稳定时逃离。如果车厢已经充满了水，那么它已经到了一种稳定的状态，即动态平衡阶段，你必须尽快逃离确保自己的安全。一般来说水充满车子需要60-120秒（1到2分钟）。当车子里还有空气的时候，要缓慢的深呼吸，关注你正在做的事情。用按钮（如果还能工作的话）或者手动给车门解锁。如果车门卡住了（由于巨大的压力，大部分情况它们都会这样），希望你能给快速的根据上述步骤的建议打破车窗。
Continue to breathe normally until the water is at chest level, then take a deep breath and hold your nose. Stay calm. Keep your mouth closed to preserve breath and to prevent water from entering. Swim out through the broken window.
在水到达胸部之前都正常的呼吸，接着深呼吸，捏住鼻子。保持镇静，闭紧嘴保留呼吸防止水流进入。从打破的窗户中游出去。
7. Swim to the surface as quickly as possible. Push off the car and swim to the surface. If you don’t know which way to swim, look for light and swim toward it or follow any bubbles you see as they will be going up. Be aware of your surroundings as you swim and surface; you may have to deal with a strong current or obstacles such as rocks, concrete bridge supports, or even passing boats. Do your best to avoid injuring yourself on obstacles, and use branches, supports, and other items to cling to if you're injured or exhausted.
尽快游到水面。远离汽车，游到水面。如果你不知道用何种方式游泳，寻找亮光，朝亮光游，或者是顺着气泡上升的方向游。在游泳的时候要注意周围的环境，也许你会遇到硬物如石头，混凝土桥柱甚至是过往的船只尽可能的减少这些硬物对你的伤害，一旦受伤或感到筋疲力尽，就使用树枝，支撑物或者其他可以抓住的东西。
8. Seek medical attention as soon as possible. The adrenaline in your bloodstream after the escape may make you unable to detect any injuries you may have sustained in the accident. Hail passing motorists who can call for help on their phones and provide you with warmth, comfort, and a lift to nearest hospital.
尽快就医。逃生之后血液中的肾上腺素会使你不能很快察觉在事故中的伤痛。呼喊一下来往的可以用手机帮助你的摩托司机，给你提供点温暖舒适的支持，帮你到达最近的医院。
来源：沪江网
任何交通事故都是很吓人的，但是如果你的汽车落入了水中，而你又被困其中，似乎这样的事故更加恐怖。由于溺死的几率很大，这样的事故都十分的危险。
However, most deaths are a result of panic, not having a plan and not understanding what is happening to the car in the water. By adopting a brace position to survive the impact, acting decisively when the car ends up in the water, and getting out fast, being trapped in a sinking vehicle is survivable, even if it's a flooded river.
然而，由于遇事时人们很容易产生惊慌情绪，没有处理计划以及对在水中车子情况的了解，这是造成死亡的最大原因。实际上，如果可以在事故中采取安全的姿势来减少压力冲击，在汽车入水时表现得机智冷静，迅速脱离汽车，从一个被淹的汽车中生还是有可能的，即使汽车落入的是湍急的河流。
1.Brace yourself for impact. As soon as you're aware that you're going off the road and into a body of water, adopt a brace position. This is done by placing both hands on the steering wheel in the "ten and two" positions. The impact your car makes could set off the airbag system in your vehicle and any other brace position could cause serious injury in such an event. Remember, an airbag inflates rapidly, within 0.04 seconds upon being triggered.Once this aspect is out of the way, prepare for the next step immediately.
让自己保持防冲击的姿势。一旦你意识到自己走到了路的尽头，误入水中，马上换了一个防冲击的安全姿势，即将两只手放在方向盘“十点和两点”的位置上。入水时车子受到的冲力会使得车中的气囊打开，其他的姿势会对你造成严重的伤害。记住，气囊会在受到冲击的0.04秒内瞬间打开，一旦你的车子开出了道路，马上要为下一步做准备。
Remain calm. Panic reduces energy, uses up precious air, and causes you to blank out. Panic can be left for the shore when you reach it.
保持镇静。恐慌会耗费能量，用尽宝贵的空气，使你窒息而死。还是把恐慌留到上岸之后吧。
2. Undo your seat belt. The seatbelt is the first thing to attend to, yet it often gets forgotten in the panic.Unbuckle the children, starting with the oldest first (who can then help the others).
解开安全带。安全带是需要关注的第一件事，但在恐慌中人们经常会被遗忘。从最大的孩子开始（这样大孩子可以帮助小孩子），为他们解开安全带。
Forget the cell phone call. Your car isn't going to wait for you to make the call and sadly, people have lost their lives trying this.Get busy getting out.
别打电话了，车子并不会给你足够的时间求救，不幸的是，大部分的人都是由于打电话而失去自救时间丧生。先做些要紧的事吧。
There is a counter-theory that suggests the seat belt should be left on. This theory suggests that if you release your seat belt, you may, due to underwater disorientation, end up moving away from the window or door opening due to the ingress of water through the opening. Having your seat belt on could also help you maintain your sense of orientation if the car flips upside-down. On the downside, having your seat belt on can also make it harder to get out quickly and to move out.
有一个相反的理论是说安全带应该一直保持系紧的状态。该理论认为如果你松开了安全带，有可能会因为在水下迷失方向，最后由于开门或窗时受到的水下压力而死亡。系紧安全带还能够帮助你在车子完全颠倒时保持自己的方向感。
3. Open the window as soon as you hit the water. Leave the door alone at this stage and concentrate on the window. A car's electrical system should work for up to three minutes in water(not that you have three minutes of course), so try the method of opening it electronically first. Many people don't think about the window as an escape option either because of panic, lack of using the window for exit normally, or because they're focused on lots of misinformation about doors and sinking.
在入水时尽快打开窗户。不要管门了，窗户是重点。汽车的电子系统可以在水下工作三分钟（当然不是说你只剩下三分钟的时间），所以要先试着通过电子控制打开它。很多人缺乏将窗户作为出口的经验以及太过专注于车门以及下沉的情况，也由于恐慌所以根本想不到要将窗户作为自己逃生的出口选择。
There are several reasons for not bothering with the door. Immediately upon impact, you have only a few seconds in which opening the door of your sinking car is possible, while most of the door is still above water level. Once the car has started to sink, it is not humanly possible to open the door again until the pressure between the inside and the outside of the car has been equalized (leveled); this means that the car cabin has to be filled with water and that's not really a state you want to be in.
最好不要开车门，原因如下：面对突然遭受的冲击，正在入水的汽车只给你提供几秒钟的时间来打开车门逃生，也就是当车门还在水面上的时候。一旦汽车开始下沉，由于汽车内外的水压相等，靠人力是根本无法打开车门的。这也就意味着车厢开始充满了水，你已经完全不会想继续呆在里面。
The end of the car that contains the engine will usually sink fastest, often leaving the car at an angle where the heaviest part of the vehicle is lower than the lightest. As such, you may be able to open some doors while the car is still floating.
由于发动机的原因，汽车尾部往往是下沉最快的，通常会使汽车达到一个角度，最重的部分比最轻的部分位置低。所以当车子还在漂浮的时候，你有可能打开车门逃生。
4. Break the window. If you aren't able to open the window, or it only opens halfway, you'll need to break it. You will need to use an object or your foot to break the window. It may feel counter-intuitive to let water into the car, but the sooner it is open, the sooner you will be able to escape directly through the broken window.
打破窗户。如果你不能打开窗户，或者窗户只打开一半，你需要打破它。你需要用一个东西或者用脚打破窗户。让水进入车子听起来似乎会起到反作用，但是一旦打开，你就能直接从破碎的窗户中逃生。
If you have no tools or heavy objects to break the window with, use your feet. If you have high heels, these might work when placed at the center of the window. Be aware that it's very hard to break a window by kicking, so find these breakpoints.
如果你没有工具或坚硬的东西来打破窗户，那就用你的脚。如果你穿着高跟鞋，对着窗户中间猛踢也许会有用。记住仅仅敲击窗户是很难打破的，试着去找突破点。
If you have a heavy object, aim for the center of the window. A rock, hammer, steering wheel lock, umbrella, screwdriver, laptop, large camera, etc., might all serve as suitable battering objects. Even the keys might work if you're strong enough.
如果你有坚硬的东西，就直接打窗户的中心。石头、锤头、方向盘锁、伞，螺丝起子、笔记本、大型照相机等等，都可以作为合适的敲打工具。如果你的力量够大，钥匙都可能帮上忙。
5. Escape through the broken window. Take a deep breath, and swim out through the broken window as soon as you've broken it. Water will be gushing into the car at this point, so expect this and use your strength to swim out and up.
从破窗户逃生。深呼吸，一旦打破窗户就立马游出来。这个时候水也会进入车里，所以要做好心理准备，竭尽全力游上来。
Look to children first. Heave them up toward the surface as best you can. If they cannot swim, see if you can give them something that floats to hold onto, with strict instructions not to let go. An adult may need to go with them immediately if there is nothing to hold onto.
先照看孩子。尽可能的把他们托举到最高的表面。如果他们不会游泳，看看你是否能给他们什么东西让他们浮在水面上，但要确保不让他们漂走。如果没有类似的东西，大人需要马上和孩子们一起逃离。
If the car is sinking quickly and you haven't gotten out yet, keep trying to get out of the window. If there is a child in the car, tell him or her to breathe normally until the water is up to their chest.
如果你的汽车下沉的很快，而你还没有逃离出来，一定要努力从窗户逃离，如果有小孩在汽车里，要告诉他/她在水到胸口前都正常呼吸。
6. Escape when the car has equalized. If it has reached the dramatic stage where the car cabin has filled with water and it has equalized, you must move quickly and effectively to ensure your survival. It takes 60 to 120 seconds (1 to 2 minutes) for a car to fill up with water usually.While there is still air in the car, take slow, deep breaths and focus on what you're doing. Unlock your door, either with the power button (if it is still working) or manually. If the doors are stuck (which they probably will be in most cases, with the pressure being massive), hopefully you've been busy breaking the window already, as advised in the previous steps.
在汽车稳定时逃离。如果车厢已经充满了水，那么它已经到了一种稳定的状态，即动态平衡阶段，你必须尽快逃离确保自己的安全。一般来说水充满车子需要60-120秒（1到2分钟）。当车子里还有空气的时候，要缓慢的深呼吸，关注你正在做的事情。用按钮（如果还能工作的话）或者手动给车门解锁。如果车门卡住了（由于巨大的压力，大部分情况它们都会这样），希望你能给快速的根据上述步骤的建议打破车窗。
Continue to breathe normally until the water is at chest level, then take a deep breath and hold your nose. Stay calm. Keep your mouth closed to preserve breath and to prevent water from entering. Swim out through the broken window.
在水到达胸部之前都正常的呼吸，接着深呼吸，捏住鼻子。保持镇静，闭紧嘴保留呼吸防止水流进入。从打破的窗户中游出去。
7. Swim to the surface as quickly as possible. Push off the car and swim to the surface. If you don’t know which way to swim, look for light and swim toward it or follow any bubbles you see as they will be going up. Be aware of your surroundings as you swim and surface; you may have to deal with a strong current or obstacles such as rocks, concrete bridge supports, or even passing boats. Do your best to avoid injuring yourself on obstacles, and use branches, supports, and other items to cling to if you're injured or exhausted.
尽快游到水面。远离汽车，游到水面。如果你不知道用何种方式游泳，寻找亮光，朝亮光游，或者是顺着气泡上升的方向游。在游泳的时候要注意周围的环境，也许你会遇到硬物如石头，混凝土桥柱甚至是过往的船只尽可能的减少这些硬物对你的伤害，一旦受伤或感到筋疲力尽，就使用树枝，支撑物或者其他可以抓住的东西。
8. Seek medical attention as soon as possible. The adrenaline in your bloodstream after the escape may make you unable to detect any injuries you may have sustained in the accident. Hail passing motorists who can call for help on their phones and provide you with warmth, comfort, and a lift to nearest hospital.
尽快就医。逃生之后血液中的肾上腺素会使你不能很快察觉在事故中的伤痛。呼喊一下来往的可以用手机帮助你的摩托司机，给你提供点温暖舒适的支持，帮你到达最近的医院。
来源：沪江网
