1、中国意念词（Chinesenesses）

  江湖（世界） the jianghu World （the traits’ world）

  e.g. You can’t control everything in a traits’ world. (人在江湖，身不由己)

  道 Daoism（Taoism）

  上火 excessive internal heat

  儒学 Confucianism

  红学（《红楼梦》研究） redology

  世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia

  开放 kaifang （Chinese openness to the outside world）

  大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work done

  伤痕文学 scar literature or the literature of the wounded

  不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on …

  合乎国情，顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people

  乱摊派，乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge

  铁交椅 iron (lifetime) post’s; guaranteed leading post

  脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty

  治则兴，乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline

  2 、中华民族的喜庆节日（Chinese Festivial）

  国庆节 National Day

  中秋节 Mid-Autumn Day/Festival

  春节 Spring Festival

  元宵节 Lantern Festival

  儿童节 Children’s Day

  端午节 Dragon Boat Festival

  妇女节 Women’s Day

  泼水节 Water-Splashing Day

  教师节 Teachers’ Day

  五四青年节 Youth Day

  3、中国独特的传统饮食（Unique Traditional Chinese Foods）

  馄饨 wonton

  锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)

  花卷 steamed twisted rolls

  套餐 set meal

  盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away

  米豆腐 rice tofu

  魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu

  米粉 rice noodles

  冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.)

  火锅 chafing dish

  八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding

  粉丝 glass noodles

  豆腐脑 jellied bean curd

  4 、中国新兴事物（Newly Sprouted Things）

  中国 电信 China Telecom

  中国 移动 China Mobile

  十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan

  中国电脑联网 Chinanet

  三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project

  希望工程 Project Hope

  京九铁路 Beijing CKowloon Railway

  扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project

  菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project

  温饱工程 Decent-Life Project

  安居工程 Economy Housing Project

  扫黄 Porn-Purging Campaign

  西部大开发 Go-West Campaign

  5 、特有的一些汉语词汇

  禅宗 Zen Buddhism

  禅 dhyana; dhgaya

  混沌 chaos

  道 Daosim, the way and its power

  四谛 Four Noble Truth

  八正道 Eightfold Path

  无常 anity

  五行说 Theory of Five Elements

  无我 anatman

  坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation

  空 sunyata

  虚无 nothingness

  双喜 double happiness(中)，a doubled stroke of luck(英)

  小品 witty skits

  相声 cross-talk

  噱头；掉包袱 gimmick, stunt

  夜猫子 night people; night-owls

  本命年 this animal year of sb.

  处世之道 philosophy of life

  姻缘 yinyuan（prefixed fate of marriage）

  还愿 redeem a wish (vows)

  6 、具有文化特色的现代表述

  大陆中国 Mainland China

  红宝书 little red book

  红色中国 socialist China

  四化 Four Modernizations

  终生职业 job-for-life

  铁饭碗 iron rice bowl

  大锅饭 communal pot

  关系户 closely-related units

  外出打工人员 migrant workers

  关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild

  五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)：the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals

  四美（心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美）： the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment

  7 、中国古代独特事物（Unique Ancient Chinese Items）

  宣纸 rice paper

  衙门 yamen

  叩头 kowtow

  孔子Confucius

  牌楼 pailou；pai-loo

  武术 wushu（Chinese Martial Arts）

  功夫 kungfu ；kung fu

  中庸 the way of medium （cf. Golden Means）

  中和 harmony (zhonghe)

  孝顺 to show filial obedience

  孝子 dutiful son

  家长 family head

  三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife

  五常：仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity

  八股文 eight-legged essays

  多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness

  养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one’s old age

  8、 近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译

  基层监督 grass-roots supervision

  基础税率 base tariff level

  婚介所 matrimonial agency

  婚外恋 extramarital love

  婚纱摄影 bride photo

  黑心棉 shoddy cotton

  机器阅卷 machine scoring

  即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery

  集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development

  价格听证会 public price hearings

  甲A球队 Division A Soccer Team

  家政服务 household management service

  加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion

  假帐 accounting fraud

  叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel

  矫情 use lame arguments

  渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence

  借调 temporarily transfer

  扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.

  扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption